Nestled at the crossroads of the Greater and Lesser Caucasus and the Iranian highlands, Armenia forms part of the Caucasus biodiversity hotspot. The country is home to around 12,000 animal species, including 75 mammal species, 43 reptile species and 308 bird species.

The Caucasian Leopard

The Caucasian leopard (or Persian leopard) is a critically endangered subspecies, with only 8 to 13 individuals recorded in Armenia. Its presence, though rare, has been documented notably in the Khosrov Forest State Reserve and Arevik National Park.

The Armenian Mouflon and Bezoar Goat

The Armenian mouflon and bezoar goat inhabit the highlands of several protected regions, including the Zangezur Biosphere Complex, the Khosrov Reserve, and the highlands of Syunik, Ararat and Vayots Dzor. Their population is estimated at 2,000 to 3,000 individuals.

The Syrian Brown Bear and other mammals

Brown bears, Eurasian lynx and wildcats inhabit the forests of the north, particularly in Dilijan National Park, where the Caucasian red deer has been successfully reintroduced after disappearing from the region.

The Armenian Viper, an endemic species

Reflecting the unique evolutionary path shaped by this mountainous environment, the Armenian viper is endemic to the country, found only in a few remote valleys.

The Birds of Lake Sevan

More than 250 bird species frequent the shores of Lake Sevan, among them the Armenian gull, a species endemic to the region.

Where to observe wildlife

The Khosrov Reserve, Dilijan National Park, Arevik National Park in Zangezur, and Arpi National Park, a refuge for the Dalmatian pelican, are among the best places for wildlife watching.